Calculating Damage. Each weapon, spell, and harmful monster ability specifies the damage it deals.

1. Roll the appropriate damage die or dice. The damage will be a certain type. 

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2. For a melee or ranged weapon attack, add the appropriate ability modifier. 

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3. Add damage due to any magical properties of the weapon or item. Note the damage type.

Proficiency bonus is not added to damage.

Ability modifier is not added to the damage from the Two-Weapon Fighting bonus attack.

Damage can also be affected by:

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  • Class features

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Round down on the damage total, even if the fraction is one-half or greater. 

Damage is subtracted from the target's hit points. This has no effect on its capabilities until it drops to 0 hit points.

Improvised weapon or unarmed strike damage.