Melee Attack
This is hand-to-hand fighting someone within your reach. (95) It typically involves a handheld weapon (e.g., a sword) but can also use an improvised weapon or an unarmed strike. DMG 252 has optional facing rules.
You make an attack roll to see if you hit and inflict damage. You have the option to knock out a foe.
Instead of striking a foe you could:
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use the Overrun action (DMG 272)
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use the Help action to assist an ally attack a foe
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use the Disarm action (DMG 271)
Use the Ready action to strategically delay your Attack action.
Multiple attacks. The Extra Attack feature of certain classes allows you to make more than one attack with the Attack action. (93) There are other ways to make multiple attacks.
Tactics to consider during a melee attack:
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Communicate with allies during the attack.
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Move around if necessary.
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With an ally, flank an enemy.
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Sneak attack if you are a rogue.